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The structure of a joint
The structure of a joint


Joint swelling

Alternative Names:
Swelling of a joint; Knee swelling; Toe swelling; Finger swelling; Hip swelling

Home Care:

For unexplained soft tissue joint swelling, contact your health care provider. Follow prescribed therapy to treat the underlying cause.



Call your health care provider if:

Call your health care provider if any of the following occurs:

  • Severe, unexplained joint pain
  • Severe, unexplained stiffness or swelling, especially if accompanied by other unexplained symptoms


What to expect at your health care provider's office:

Your health care provider will obtain your medical history and will perform a physical examination.

Medical history questions documenting joint swelling may include the following:

  • Location
    • Which joint is swollen?
      • Is it the big toe?
      • Is the jaw or neck swollen?
    • Are multiple joints swollen?
  • Time pattern
    • When did the joint swelling develop?
    • Is it always present or off and on?
    • Is this the first time you have had swollen joints?
  • Quality
    • How swollen is the area?
    • If you press over the swollen area with a finger, does it leave a dent after you take the finger away?
  • Aggravating factors
    • What makes the swelling worse?
    • Is it any worse in the morning or at night?
    • Does exercise make it worse?
  • Relieving factors
    • What make the swelling better?
    • Does elevating the affected body part make the swelling go down?
    • Is it better if you use an elastic wrap?
    • What home treatment have you tried? How effective was it?
  • Other
    • What other symptoms are also present?
    • Is there joint pain?
    • Is there fever?
    • Is there a rash?

The physical examination will include a detailed examination of the affected joint(s).

Diagnostic tests that may be performed include the following:

Physical therapy for muscle and joint rehabilitation may be recommended.


Review Date: 7/4/2004
Reviewed By: Andrew L. Chen, M.D., M.S., Steadman-Hawkins Sports Medicine Foundation, Vail, CO. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2004 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.

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