CSF VDRL test

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CSF test for syphilis

Overview

Risks

Results

CSF VDRL test

Definition:

The CSF-VDRL test is used to diagnose neurosyphilis. This test looks for antibodies called reagins, which are sometimes produced by the body in reaction to the syphillis-causing bacteria.

Alternative Names:

Venereal Disease Research Laboratory slide test - CSF

How the test is performed:

The test is performed on a CSF sample obtained by lumbar puncture (spinal tap).

How to prepare for the test:

The procedure is a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). Before the procedure, you will be asked to review the risks and sign a consent form. After the lumbar puncture is done, you will be asked to remain lying down flat for 6 hours.

How the test will feel:

You will be asked to lie on your side in the fetal position with your legs curled towards your chest. The area where the needle will be inserted (in your lower back) will be thoroughly cleaned. The scrub will feel cold and wet.

You will then receive an injection at the site with local anesthesia which may sting or burn when first injected. There will be a hard pressure sensation when the needle is inserted, and there is usually some brief pain as the needle goes through. This pain should stop in a few seconds.

Usually, discomfort is mild to moderate. The entire procedure usually takes about 30 minutes but may take longer. The actual fluid collection only takes a few minutes.

Why the test is performed:

The CSF-VDRL test is used to diagnose syphilis in the brain or spinal cord. Brain and spine cord involvement usually indicates a late-stage (tertiary) form of the disease. Blood screening tests, such as VDRL and RPR, are more effective during middle stage (secondary) syphillis.

References:

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for Syphilis Infection: Recommendation Statement. Ann Fam Med 2004; 2: 362-365.

Review Date: 6/10/2005
Reviewed By: A.D.A.M. editorial and Eleftherios Mylonakis, M.D., Division of Infectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.

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