A cytology examination of pleural fluid detects the presence of malignant (cancerous) cells. The pleural space surrounds the lungs and normally contains only enough fluid to lubricate the pleura, the lining of the lung.
Alternative Names:
Pleural fluid cytology
How the test is performed:
The test is performed by obtaining a sample of pleural fluid by a procedure called thoracentesis (a needle is inserted into the pleural space to draw off the fluid). The sample of fluid is examined under the microscope for the presence of abnormal cells.
How to prepare for the test:
Food or fluid is not restricted. Do not move, cough, or breathe deeply during the test.
How the test will feel:
The skin is cleansed, and shaved if necessary, around the insertion site. Local anesthetic to numb the site may be injected into the skin. There may be a pressure or sticking sensation as the needle enters the skin and pleural space. Inform the health care provider if shortness of breath develops after the test.
Why the test is performed:
The test is performed to determine the cause of a pleural effusion (fluid accumulation in the pleural space), or when cancer is suspected.
Review Date: 2/1/2005
Reviewed By: Allen J. Blaivas, D.O., Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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